The Biblical Magi
In the Gospel of Matthew, the Magi—traditionally referred to as the Wise Men—are described as visitors from the East who come to worship the newborn Jesus. They famously bring gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh, symbolic of Jesus’ kingship, divinity, and mortality. These three Magi have been depicted in countless nativity scenes and are central figures in the celebration of Epiphany. However, the Bible does not name or specify their number, leaving room for creative interpretations over time.
The Legend of the Fourth Wise Man
The concept of a Fourth Wise Man emerges from the 19th-century short story The Other Wise Man by Henry Van Dyke. In this fictional account, Van Dyke introduces Artaban, a Persian scholar and priest, who sets out on his own journey to find the Christ child. Unlike his companions, who manage to reach Bethlehem on time, Artaban’s quest is fraught with delays and detours caused by his compassionate acts of charity.
Artaban’s Gifts
Artaban intends to present Jesus with three treasures: a sapphire, a ruby, and a pearl of great price. However, along the way, he encounters individuals in desperate need. He uses the sapphire to help a sick man, the ruby to save a woman from slavery, and the pearl to aid another in dire circumstances. Each time, Artaban chooses to help others rather than continue his journey to find the Messiah.
The Final Encounter
After years of searching, Artaban arrives in Jerusalem during the crucifixion of Jesus. He realizes he is too late to meet the Christ child but witnesses the culmination of Jesus’ mission. According to the story, as Artaban dies, he hears the voice of Jesus telling him, “Inasmuch as you have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, you have done it unto me” (Matthew 25:40). This affirmation of his sacrifices brings peace to Artaban, illustrating the theme of selfless service as a form of true worship.
Symbolism and Themes
The tale of the Fourth Wise Man resonates deeply with Christian values of compassion, humility, and the prioritization of others’ needs over personal desires. Artaban’s journey emphasizes that the path to God often involves acts of kindness and love rather than mere ritualistic offerings. It challenges readers to reflect on what they are willing to sacrifice for the sake of others and for their faith.
Legacy of the Fourth Wise Man
While Artaban is not a biblical character, his story has been widely embraced as a spiritual allegory. It has inspired adaptations in literature, theater, and film, each exploring the themes of delayed fulfillment and the unexpected ways in which divine encounters occur. For many, Artaban’s tale serves as a reminder that every act of kindness is, in essence, a gift to God.
Relevance in Modern Times
In a world often driven by materialism and self-interest, the Fourth Wise Man’s story provides a counter-narrative that underscores the importance of altruism. It encourages believers and non-believers alike to consider the impact of their actions on others and to find meaning in service. Whether viewed as a moral tale or a piece of religious fiction, the legend of Artaban continues to inspire acts of generosity and faithfulness.
Conclusion
The Fourth Wise Man may not appear in the pages of Scripture, but his story enriches the Christian imagination by highlighting the transformative power of love and sacrifice. Artaban’s journey reminds us that even when our plans go awry, our choices to help others can lead us closer to the divine. His legacy lives on as a testament to the profound truth that the greatest gift we can offer is a life dedicated to serving others.
